The Role of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Literature Review
1. Introduction to Heart Failure
1.1. Definition and Prevalence
1.2. Etiology and Pathophysiology
2. Introduction to SGLT-2 Inhibitors
2.1. Mechanism of Action
2.2. Clinical Uses
3. Relationship Between Diabetes and Heart Failure
3.1. Epidemiological Links
3.2. Shared Pathophysiological Mechanisms
4. Clinical Trials and Studies on SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure
4.1. EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial
4.2. DAPA-HF Trial
5. Effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Cardiac Function
5.1. Hemodynamic Effects
5.2. Structural Changes
6. Effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Cardiac Biomarkers
7. Effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Mortality and Hospitalization in Heart Failure Patients
8. Safety and Tolerability of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure Patients
9. Future Directions and Research Opportunities
10. Conclusion and Implications for Clinical Practice
The above should be the sturecure and must use 20 reference at least in harvard style
The Role of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Literature Revie
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