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* Victor Hugo (1802–1885), a major proponent of the French Romantics, provided in his Preface to “Cromwell” the manifesto of the movement. Poet, dramatist, and novelist, Hugo was, in his long life, the most notable man of letters in France. In passage here, we can see the ideas that revolutionized the literary world of his time. Please read the Preface which here is taken from Famous Prefaces in The Harvard Classics, 1909–14. Write a post to answer the question: is he talking about Expression?
http://www.gavroche.org/vhugo/cromwellpreface.shtml
* Dealing with the expression theory in the 20th century, R.G. Collingwood attempts to define expression in his book The Principles of Art. Your readings are from: “2. Expressing Emotion and Arousing Emotion” beginning on page 109. And further in “7. Expressing Emotion and Betraying Emotion” beginning on page 121. Summarize and discuss Collingwood’s ideas.
https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.188470/2015.188470.The-Principles-Of-Art
Compare and contrast the Expression and Formal Theories. You may cite relevant passages, but if it’s going to be a long quote, make sure to put it in your own words. Make sure you define each theory and provide examples. Also, make sure to provide your own thoughts on the topics at hand.
Remember, this is not a research problem, but rather an analytical exercise based on the texts at hand.

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